作者：

Lingjie Xie^1,2,3, BohanLu², Zhengdi Sima², Yina Liu²*, Haifeng Ji¹, Zhenqiu Gao¹, Peng Jiang¹, Harm Van Zalinge³, Ivona Z. Mitrovic³, Xuhui Sun^1,4 and Zhen Wen^1,4*

单位：

¹Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China.

²Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, P.R. China.

³Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

⁴Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China.

摘要：

The demand for portable and rapid identification of liquids has challenged traditional laboratory methods. Here, we propose a high-accuracy liquid identification strategy that integrates water droplet mechanics and solid–liquid interface contact electrification. By applying non-Hookean mechanical properties of droplets, we fabricate a lotus leaf-inspired ZnO–Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) superhydrophobic solid–liquid sensor. Based on the special mechanical–electric coupling interface, it achieves the highest droplet pressure sensitivity of 281mV/Pa. We have made a breakthrough in detecting diverse solution composition with a high monitoring resolution of 5nM metal ions and 0.1% of alcohol concentration. Through the design of double-stacked devices, triboelectric signals are able to be decoupled into mechanical and contact electrification dual-mode signals. With the integration of a gated recurrent unit (GRU) model, intelligent identification of ten liquids has reached an ultrahigh accuracy of 99%, opening up a pathway for portable liquid monitoring.

影响因子：

15.7

分区情况：

一区

链接：

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62524-0